STM32F407VGT6TR

The STM32F407VGT6TR from STMicroelectronics is the tape-and-reel version of the STM32F407VGT6, a high-performance ARM Cortex-M4F microcontroller in a 100-pin LQFP package. It belongs to the STM32F407xx family, which is one of the most popular ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller families in the embedded industry.

The Cortex-M4F core operates at up to 168 MHz with single-precision floating-point unit (FPU) supporting all ARM single-precision data-processing instructions. The core also implements a full set of DSP instructions (MAC, SAT, SIMD) and a Memory Protection Unit (MPU). ST’s ART (Adaptive Real-Time) Accelerator enables 0-wait-state execution from Flash memory at 168 MHz, delivering 210 DMIPS performance.

Memory includes 1 MB Flash, 192 KB SRAM (128 KB main + 64 KB CCM data RAM), 4 KB backup SRAM, and 512 bytes OTP. The CCM (Core Coupled Memory) provides zero-wait-state data access for time-critical routines. The Flexible Static Memory Controller (FSMC) supports external SRAM, PSRAM, NOR, and NAND memories.

Analog peripherals include three 12-bit ADCs (2.4 MSPS each, up to 7.2 MSPS in triple interleaved mode with 24 channels total), two 12-bit DACs, and two analog comparators. The 14 timers include twelve 16-bit timers (two for motor control PWM), two 32-bit timers, and a SysTick timer.

Communication interfaces are extensive: USB 2.0 full-speed device/host/OTG with on-chip PHY, USB 2.0 high-speed/full-speed device/host/OTG with dedicated DMA and ULPI, 10/100 Ethernet MAC with IEEE 1588v2 hardware support, 2x CAN 2.0B, 3x I2C, 3x SPI (42 Mbps, 2 with I2S), 4x USART + 2x UART (10.5 Mbps), SDIO, and 8-14 bit camera interface (DCMI).

The 82 GPIO pins are 5 V tolerant with interrupt capability and configurable speed up to 84 MHz. Debug interfaces include SWD and JTAG with Cortex-M4 Embedded Trace Macrocell.

The STM32F407VGT6TR is Active status at ST and widely available from distributors. The TR suffix indicates tape-and-reel packaging for automated SMT assembly. The tray-packaged version is STM32F407VGT6.

**Cortex-M4F Core:** The ARM Cortex-M4F is a 32-bit RISC processor with 3-stage pipeline, hardware FPU (single-precision IEEE 754), DSP instructions (MAC, SAT, SIMD), and MPU. The FPU accelerates floating-point calculations critical for motor control, audio processing, and sensor fusion. DSP instructions enable efficient FIR/IIR filter implementation.

**ART Accelerator:** The Adaptive Real-Time Accelerator uses an instruction cache and literal pool cache to enable 0-wait-state Flash access at 168 MHz. Without the ART accelerator, the 3-cycle Flash access time would limit performance to approximately 56 MHz (168/3). The 128-bit wide Flash interface prefetches up to 4 instructions per access, achieving near-zero wait-state performance.

**Memory Architecture:** The multi-AHB bus matrix provides parallel access paths between the core, DMA, and peripherals. The 64 KB CCM RAM is directly coupled to the core via the I-bus/D-bus, providing zero-wait-state access independent of the bus matrix. The main 128 KB SRAM is accessible by both the core and DMA controllers via the bus matrix.

**DMA Controller:** The 16-stream DMA controller with FIFOs and burst support offloads data transfers from the CPU. Each stream can be configured for peripheral-to-memory, memory-to-peripheral, or memory-to-memory transfers. The double-buffer mode enables seamless circular DMA operation.

**Power Management:** The device supports Sleep, Stop, and Standby low-power modes. The VBAT domain powers the RTC, backup registers, and backup SRAM when the main supply is removed. The internal regulator generates the 1.2 V core voltage from the 1.8-3.6 V supply.

32.768 kHz LSE crystal for RTC; bypass with 2×6.8pF load capacitors; optional; internal 32 kHz RC available